The Complexity of My Culture - 630 Words

Culture is a complex subject held by a particular social group, considered the core concept in intercultural communication. It varies from primary dimensions such as age, ethnicity, gender, geographical location, sexual orientation, social economic status, etc. culture, however, is â€Å"not rigid and homogeneous, but is dynamic and heterogeneous† ( Martin, Nakayama 36). It is valid to say this statement is opinioned to be true. We live in a social world in which we are not part of a unified system. Culture is not a variable, meaning it cannot be quantified or measured. For instance, being a Hispanic at a time and place is deeply heterogeneous. People who belong to a certain group culture in a particular, do not all act alike or behave the same, regardless of their cultural background. Nevertheless, individuals are stereotyped based on their physical appearance or background, etc. Last month, I gave myself a small vacation to Ecuador, my nation, my birth place. Nonetheless, there were quite a few times in which I did not feel part of the in-crowd or more like social community. Just like it is done here in New York, slang speaking is also practiced in Ecuador. For instance, a few cousins of mine were gathered together cracking jokes, in Spanish of course. Eventually, everyone laughed but me. A few tries later, I was still incapable of grasping the jokes. Ultimately, they gave up on me and in no time they sort of waved me away. This occurred on many occasions. I didn’t exactly feelShow MoreRelatedReligion : The Basics By Mallory Nye1024 Words   |  5 Pagesstudying religion. In arguing that culture and religion strongly influence each other, he explains that those studying religion must make people and culture their focus, as variations even within the same religions exist and must be considered. Moreover, Nye explains how religion is, essentially, a un iversal concept, as it takes form in an array of shapes across the globe. With Nye’s argument, I have developed new insights about religion that highlight the complexities of the subject and provide me withRead MoreThe Language Glass : Why The World Looks Different1562 Words   |  7 Pagesbook Through the language glass: Why the world looks different in other language. Deutscher, linguist and honorary research fellow at the University of Manchester, takes the readers on a journey through words, history and cultures to discover the relationship among language, culture and mind. The broad perspective of ‘Holy Trinity in the book allows readers to examine theories, assumptions and stereotypes regarding how the language is affected and affects the way people who speak different languagesRead MoreUsing Teaching: Making a Difference as Your Main Reference, Identify and Discuss some Important Complexities in Teachers Work 1686 Words   |  7 PagesWithin teacher’s w ork, there are many complexities and challenges to face. It is important to recognise these as they will affect all teachers throughout their working years. The challenges teachers face also affect society as a whole, as everyone’s life is influenced by the education system. The issues that teachers face also affect the ability of students learning, thus limiting the capacity of society. Without education and teachers there are no building blocks for success. Teachers account forRead MoreNeil Postman s An Internet Age Response1720 Words   |  7 Pagesthan undermine them, even though Johnson juxtaposes himself with Postman. Johnson s primary argument rests on the increasing complexity of video games, TV, movies, and the Internet. They require more deft thinking by players, viewers, and users, he argues. And I think he s right as far as it goes. But our increasing intelligence, I believe, says less about media complexity and more about our drive to make meaning out of chaos. I ll say more about this a bit later. First let me outline some of JohnsonRead MoreCulture and Grief1667 Words   |  7 Pagesterms of understanding, or is it just continual collective grief? This paper will cover the global complexity of the 9/11 attacks, the Empty Sky 9/11 Memorial in Liberty State Park, NJ, and factors and theories that memorials do influence a sense of complexity. The ground of public memory is always in motion, shifting with the tectonics of national identity. I chose the Empty Sky 9/11 Memorial as my topic of observation as I, personally, visit a few times throughout the year to pay respects to peopleRead More Western Literary Canon : Significance And Relevance1157 Words   |  5 Pagesliterary criteria are quality, complexity, evasiveness, self-referentially and that the text effectively or in some way attempts to be different. But are these elements fair? Do they approve with everyone? Does the Literary Canon appeal to everyone? Stereotypically for literature to be apart of the Canon, it is highly anticipated that the author has reinterpreted their experiences into a work of literature to entertain and educate an audience. Due to these superior texts shared my many canonised scholarsRead MoreThe Cultural And Social Behavior Of A Society1244 Words   |  5 Pages The cultural means relating to the ideas, customs, and social behavior of a society. Therefore, when doing world mission we must be able to relate to the culture in which we are ministering to. We are not to forget who we are as far as culturally, but we are to have the knowledge of that particular culture. For example, in Cha pter 3 in our textbook, it speaks of Patrick, an English slave who escaped from Ireland and later returned as a missionary. Being that he â€Å"understood the people and their languageRead MoreIdentity Essay931 Words   |  4 Pageslanguage and shifting influences. Tim Winton, the composer of ‘Neighbours’ has a perplexed and distressing tone as he suggests to the reader, the significance of multiculturalism and diversity within Australia. Winton also expresses the different cultures and nationalities, by emphasising the variety of characteristics within each ethnicity. One example of this is ‘The Macedonian family shouted, ranted, screamed’. This tells the reader what sort of personalities and attitudes people may perceive MacedoniansRead MoreThe Principles Of Project Management1748 Words   |  7 Pagesproject. This report has assessed my preferences and interpretation of model to define its usage/effectiveness within project management domain. The report explores my beliefs and map them with literature to gain better insight on how I can improve the usage and achieve better results. NTCP Model: Personal Reflection My approach towards NTCP model will be very dynamic as I will adopt this model and continue to learn as I implement. The continuous learning will improve my skills and understanding regardingRead MoreI Am An American Teenager With An Hispanic Background1076 Words   |  5 Pagespeople are exposed to more cultures that they are not accustomed to than in the past. As the years go by, more interracial marriages are being accepted exposing future generations to multi-cultures. I am an American teenager with an Hispanic background. My parents, born and raised in Guatemala immigrated to the United States a few years before my birth. Since my birth, I have been exposed to two very different types of cultures. I have lived in the United States all my life while I have visited Guatemala

The Role Of Visual Arts For Stage Interventions Into The...

INTRODUCTION The purpose of this dissertation is to investigate - in practice and conceptually - the function of the mirror in visual art, with particular reference to the portrayal of women.†¨By drawing from the field of art and literature featuring the mirror and reflection, I will be looking at how the work of contemporary women artists and photographers challenged traditional attitudes and practices. This dissertation will be about women who use visual arts to stage interventions into the representation of the ‘female self’.†¨The female body and mirror have repeatedly featured in visual art over the centuries. It is the purpose of my dissertation to discover the reasons behind the use of the mirror in both western and contemporary art, giving a historical overview of women artists’ differing strategies towards self-portraiture throughout the twentieth century and analysing why this area has proved so fruitful and inspiring for women. RESEARCH This research aims to: examine the significance of the mirror in art:†¨ - simulation of reality;†¨ - metaphor for framing images: †¨Ã¢â‚¬ËœIn the aesthetic realm, as in philosophical, the frame constructs the image or the knowledge. The frame places certain material into the centre of discourse and marginalises others’. (Meskimmon, 1996:4)†¨ - definition of the ‘self’:†¨Ã¢â‚¬ËœThrough seeing itself in the mirror with the mother, the infant is enable to differentiate its polymorphous experiences of its body from those of the mother andShow MoreRelatedpreschool Essay46149 Words   |  185 PagesCalifornia Preschool Learning Foundations Volume 2 CALIFORNIA DEPAR TMENT OF EDUCATION †¢ SACRAMENTO, 2010 California Preschool Learning Foundations Volume 2 Visual and Performing Arts Physical Development Health Publishing Information The California Preschool Learning Foundations (Volume 2) was developed by the Child Development Division, California Department of Education. This publication was edited by Faye Ong, working in cooperation with Laura Bridges and DesireeRead MoreSmart Home Technology10920 Words   |  44 Pagesof this population will present new challenges for policy makers, clinicians and the broader community. Smart technologies can assist older Australians to live safely and live well at home and in the community. A number of articles have explored the role of smart technologies however; there is a lack of scientific validation in the literature. This literature review systematically examined over 8,000 papers in six key areas: †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Smart homes Robotics Virtual reality and gaming TelemedicineRead Moreâ€Å"a Study on Consumer Behaviour with Reference to Sony Vaio Laptops†14338 Words   |  58 Pagesservice provision which will have an impact on the organizations perceptual plan of the service. FUNDAMENTAL MARKETING CONCEPTS (STP) Segmentation Targeting Positioning Segmentation, targeting and positioning together comprise a three stage process. We first (1) determine which kinds of customers exist, then (2) select which ones we are best off trying to serve and, finally, (3) implement our segmentation by optimizing our products/services for that segment and communicating that weRead MoreMetz Film Language a Semiotics of the Cinema PDF100902 Words   |  316 Pagesnot an ideal solution. Dà ©couper, translated by Taylor in a number of ways (break up, break down analysis, etc.), would more easily be translated by segmenting when used in the linguistic sense, and by dà ©coupage when used to describe the final stage of a shooting script. Michael Taylor also coined the expression mirror construction to translate construction en abà ®me, to describe embedded narrative structures like a film within a film. This is not really very accurate but I have not found anyRead MoreEssay on Buffy the Vampire Slayer5067 Words   |  21 Pagesspectator knows the basic facts of vampirism. Therefore, the creators of Buffy the Vampire Slayer need to challenge their audience through another aspect of the series. Turning to their advantage what might have been a serious hindrance, they adopt a self-reflexive ironic perspective on the genre. This tenuous but innovative tension between borrowing from the tenets of the Gothic and moving away from them is especially appreciable when one evaluates the Watcher, Giles. Giles embodies both the principlesRead MoreMID TERM STUDY GUIDE Essay16611 Words   |  67 Pages5. According to your text, some of the things that cause our children problems are the following: (www) (7) a. the changing world, values, and crises *** b. too much sugar and starch in their diets c. a competitive environment d. the focus on self-esteem 6. One of the continuing challenges for many children is: (www) (7) a. enmeshed extended families b. unchanging values. c. poverty. *** d. high stakes testing 7. Brazelton and Greenspan’s â€Å"irreducible needs† include all the following EXCEPT: Read MoreComputer and Internet in Education13526 Words   |  55 Pageswhen a nationally representative sample of children ages 8 to 18 were asked which medium they would choose to bring with them to a desert isle, more chose a computer with Internet access than any other medium, including television.3 With the increased role of home computers in children’s lives has come increased concern about how children may be affected. Time spent on home computers may displace other activities that have more developmental value, and the merit of the computer-based activities has alsoRead MoreThe Effects of Advertising on Children33281 Words   |  134 Pages................................................................................... 14 Child development.......................................................................................................................... 14 Developmental stages of childhood ............................................................................................ 14 Media literacy and influence of advertising................................................................................ 19 ConclusionsRead MoreTraditional African Family19679 Words   |  79 Pageslooking glass self negotiation postmodernism objective measures phenomenology value-free critical social scientists  © 2004, HarperCollinsPublishers Limited learned behaviour society norms positive and negative sanctions ascribed status premodern societies non-industrial civilizations industrialism urbanism modernity functionalism social order Marxism infrastructure eans of production ruling-class ideology feminism malestream macro-theories self-concept construction of meaning role positivism socialRead MorePorn and Censorship15240 Words   |  61 Pagesin most western cultures nowadays (although they once did: the display of a female ankle in Victorian times was regarded as most risquà ©). There may be borderline cases too: do displays of bared breasts still count as sexually explicit in various contemporary western cultures? However, some material seems clearly to count as sexually explicit in many contexts today: in particular, audio, written or visual representations of sexual acts (e.g., sexual intercourse, oral sex) and exposed body parts (e

Illiteracy is a Common Problem Amongst Children and Adults...

Illiteracy is a common problem amongst children and adults. Illiteracy exists in all nations all over the world. Not having the ability to read and comprehend is a fault of the school systems. Many people assume that illiterate Americans are concentrated in large cities with troubled schools. Although this may be true in some cases, there are rural areas where illiteracy is often times are overlooked. The United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization released a study stating that 905 million individuals between 15 years of age and adulthood cannot read, which is almost one-quarter of the world’s population. The problem at hand is attempting to determine whether education for a child can be achieved at a rural or an urban school district. According to Greenberg and Teixeira the gap between well and poorly prepared student scores on the SAT and ACT exams is widening, according to 1998 statistics released by the College Board. The majority of this problem is du e to: education systems, culture, poverty, family responsibility. The Southwest Educational Development Laboratory cited a report, which found that â€Å"children in rural areas are more likely than city youth to be victims of child abuse, neglect, crime and substance abuse† (Tompkins and Deloney). Many rural students lower educational achievement and academic expectations correlates with their demographic. For instance, rural youths are more likely to live in a single-parent household, have lowShow MoreRelatedBenefits Of Internet Essay1115 Words   |  5 Pagesespecially for children. Modern technology brings great benefits to children academically and personally as a form of development to help them learn much faster. Most schools are incorporating the use of technology to children by encouraging them to learn creatively as an innovation to kids. However, the Internet helps enhance children’s social skills, helps out with completing assignments, helps with learning, and helps them memorize information much faster by avoiding illiteracy. Not many studiesRead MoreHaitian Culture: Impact on Nursing Care1663 Words   |  7 Pagesslaves brought to the West Indies by French colonists. The horrible conditions in Haiti, such as crushing poverty, unemployment and illiteracy, and high rates of acute and chronic illnesses and child and infant mortality, result in the illegal immigration of many Haitians to the United States, France, and other countries in Western Europe. Most immigrants are adults and teens who leave Haiti in tiny boats, despite the risk of drowning and other hazards. According to Pan American Health OrganizationRead MoreA Womans Role in Todays Society1381 Words   |  6 Pagesmany sources have revealed in the past. If one defines or thinks of power as the ability to act effectively upon on persons or things, then women could use power quite often and authority that one might assume was originally reserved for men. The problem is th at discovering the life of medieval women is much tougher than documenting that of men. There are fewer resources available to trace medieval womens ways of life as opposed to that of men with equal stations at the time. Manorial court rollsRead More Haitian Culture: Impact on Nursing Care Essay1650 Words   |  7 Pagesslaves brought to the West Indies by French colonists. The horrible conditions in Haiti, such as crushing poverty, unemployment and illiteracy, and high rates of acute and chronic illnesses and child and infant mortality, result in the illegal immigration of many Haitians to the United States, France, and other countries in Western Europe. Most immigrants are adults and teens who leave Haiti in tiny boats, despite the risk of drowning and other hazards. According to Pan American Health OrganizationRead MoreThe Generation Of Young People2189 Words   |  9 Pagescause of the changes and also one of the factors that has resulted in many problems faced. Technology has seen a breed of â€Å"dumb† people continue to increase in the society as the younger generation continues to grow. There seems to be a great need to ensure that a skilled and smart generation is developed and brought up for the sake of the future of humanity. One of the common propositions that have been made across the world is that there has been the existence of tradition that involves distrustRead MorePoverty : A Single Word Essay2200 Words   |  9 Pagesand adults alike are not accurately educated on the topic of poverty, presumably getting their information from the media and others who are not well educated on the topic, either. This places preconceived notions and stigmas into their mind without ever actually understanding what it means to be impoverished. Poverty has many faces; hunger, illness, lack of shelter, lack of education, and many more. Poverty is also described as â€Å"powerlessness, lack of representation and freedom† (The World BankRead MoreComparing and Contrasting an Medc and Ledc3235 Words   |  13 Pagesindices for life expectancy and education has become prominent †¢ It is said that the majority of MEDC’s are north of the equator, with quite a few exceptions, so this is where a ‘Rich North’ and’ Poor South’ dividing line on the world map was introduced, with the blue representing the MEDC’s and red the LEDC’s. One of the keys to an MEDC’s development is a moderate climate, thus allowing natural resources to be exploited effectively which is suitable for agriculture. Where: Read MoreChild Labour in Bangladesh Industry9607 Words   |  39 Pagesknown as a part of the third world country. Bangladesh has a unstable economy, and in the 21st century we are still dependent on our agricultural economic structure. We are trying quite hard to put an impact in the world economic system. For this we are pursuing the trend of the modernization of the western world. Still we are facing the economic instability. Changing the aspect of our industrialization and economic perspective we are trying our best to fit in the world economic system. To the economicRead MoreTotal Rehabilitation Centre For Disabled Children2089 Words   |  9 PagesBACKGROUND Total Rehabilitation centre for disabled children was started in the year 2010.The home is located in Kasarani, Nairobi County, approximately 16kms from CBD. The home was founded by Teresiah who was initially running a door to door programme raising awareness in the community in regards to caring for disabled children.She is on the frontline within her community in advocating for equality of the disabled in society especially the children. Teresa rented out the house which is now total rehabRead MoreChild Labor in Dhaka City5460 Words   |  22 PagesIrfan Ahmed Economical Geography Section: H Department: BBA 08-10465-1 08-10469-1 08-10446-1 08-10479-1 ___________________ Prof. Ahmed, Dr. A. N. Neaz A Report by Illuminati Page 3 Child  Labor  In  Dhaka  City Acknowledgement â€Å"For every complex problem, there is a solution that is simple, neat and wrong†.-H.L.Mencken We are grateful to God for giving us the chance of completing this paper within the schedule time without any kind of complexity. Our heartfelt thanks are due to our course teacher

Affirmative Action The Education System And Job Market

Growing up, most people were told to try their hardest to succeed in life and achieve the goals they set for themselves. Adults often told students to study often and work hard for high grades so they could later be admitted to the college of their choice. However, once the program affirmative action was instilled into universities around the nation, it set different qualifications for minority applicants and assigned points based off race. With these new criteria instigated, people saw the program as alluding to the notion that if you came from a particular race, the bar was no longer set at a high standard and therefore no need to work as hard as before. Others saw it as a great step forward to helping those who needed the extra assistance. Affirmative action began through President Lyndon B. Johnson’s Executive Order 11246, created with the hope of increasing diversity throughout the education system and job market. Since it first began it has sparked debate over whether it truly promotes equality and is as progressive as we would like to presume, or is just creating more problems. The program has created a firm divide between those who see it as unfair and those who believe it can still assist minorities. During a time where minorities were discriminated against, affirmative action may have been the best option to overcome racial barriers. However, the nation has made exceptional progress since Johnson’s time as president. Now the program rather brings more issues thanShow MoreRelatedAffirmative Action Necessary or Unnecessary? Essay1000 Words   |  4 PagesAffirmative Action was centered around 1961 because women and minorities were being discriminated against. By definition, affirmative action is â€Å"the encouragement of increased representation of women and minority-group members, especially in employment† (Dictionary.com). The main controversy of affirmative action is whether or not it is still necessary, and if it should be a bolished all together. It was originally intended to benefit cultural groups that were thought to suffer from discriminationRead More The Perils of Affirmative Action Essay1267 Words   |  6 PagesThe Perils of Affirmative Action    On January 16th of this year, I picked up the Washington Post and read an article by Richard Cohen that weakly criticized the lack of ethnic diversity in President Bushs new cabinet. The article was an interesting analysis of the ethnicity of Bushs cabinet, but it is even more significant as it dealt with an issue that is becoming of greater concern in this country: affirmative action. This issue has affected me in the past. I live in Northern Virginia,Read MoreAffirmative Action1571 Words   |  7 PagesName Professor Name Management 11th November 2011 Affirmative Action Thesis: Affirmative Action has helped many women and minorities in entering the job market. Although there has been a lot of hue and cry regarding the benefits of the affirmative action and the suitability of candidates selected thorough affirmative action; research has shown that affirmative action is beneficial and the candidates of affirmative action perform as well as those who are selected through theRead MoreAffirmative Action Is Not Based On Reason Or Actual Experience1584 Words   |  7 Pagesthe concept affirmative action extensively across the United States. Affirmative action is discriminating in favor of racial minorities in admissions, hiring, tenure, contracting, and financial aid. When two people are equally qualified for a job or admission opportunity is it acceptable to make the choice based on race, sex, or ethnicity? It is widely known that affirmative action is admissible. There is an opposition between the American ideal of individualism and af firmative action. IndividualismRead MoreAffirmative Action And Its Effects On The United States1100 Words   |  5 Pagesprovision that government contractors take affirmative action to ensure that applicants are employed, and employees are treated during employment, without regard to their race, creed, color, or national origin.† Affirmative Action policies have always been controversial, largely because of the allegation that they cause employers to give preference in hiring to less-qualified minorities or females over more-qualified white males. Affirmative action was first created in an effort to help minoritiesRead MoreThe Affirmative Of Affirmative Action Essay1389 Words   |  6 Pages Many affirmative action efforts have been made since the end of the Civil War in order to remedy the results of hundreds of years of slavery, segregation and denial of opportunity for groups that face discrimination. Many African Americans such as President Barack Obama, Senator Cory Booker, the writer Toni Morrison, the literary scholar Henry Louis Gates, media star Oprah Winfrey, and rap star Jay-Z have achieved positions of power and influence in the wider society (Giddens, Duneier, AppelbaumRead MoreAffirmative Action : Discrimination And Discrimination Essay1143 Words   |  5 PagesWHAT IS AFFIRMATIVE ACTION Affirmative action can be described as positive discrimination. It is an action or policy favoring those who tend to suffer from discrimination, especially in relation to employment or education. Affirmative action means taking positive steps to end discrimination, to prevent its recurrence, and to creative new opportunities that were previously denied minorities and women. Affirmative action itself has been defined as any measure, beyond simple termination of a discriminatoryRead More Affirmative Action Essay1599 Words   |  7 Pagesnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Affirmative action is an attempt by the United States to amend a long history of racial and sexual discrimination. But these days it seems to incite, not ease, the nations internal divisions. Opponents of affirmative action say that the battle for equal rights is over, and that requiring quotas that favor one group over another is un-American. The people that defend it say that the playing field is not level, and that providing advantages for minorities and women isRead More Affirmative Action Essay1127 Words   |  5 PagesAffirmative Action Affirmative action is a deliberate effort to provide full and equal opportunities in employment, education, and other areas for women, minorities, and individuals belonging to other traditionally disadvantaged groups. As an issue of todays society, affirmative action requires corporations, universities and other organizations to establish programs designed to ensure that all applicants are treated fairly. It also places a burden of proof on the providers of opportunities;Read MoreAffirmative Action Essay1023 Words   |  5 PagesAffirmative Action Affirmative action has been the federal governments attempt to ensure every American a chance at a good job and financial security. Since its inception, it has been greatly debated and modified to meet the changing times. Advocates of affirmative action say women and minorities deserve government-backed preferential treatment because gains in the workplace still lag behind those of white males. Critics, on the other hand, say preferential privileges have outlived their

Inequality in the Film Idustry Essay Example For Students

Inequality in the Film Idustry Essay Women around the world today still face overbearing challenges involving inequality with men by encountering disadvantages in education, politics, health, and even basic human rights. This type of discrimination leads to insecurities that could suppress women from achieving their aspirations, which could even potentially threaten economic growth and social progress (Smith 2014). One particular social issue that is still prevalent today is the gender bias common in the U. S. film industry. Leading female roles are often stereotyped and sexualized while rarely portraying characters whom hold positions of power and importance in film. The percentage of female speaking characters in top-grossing movies has not considerably changed in about half a century despite the recent achievements by feminist movements, as reported by the Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA). Along with being treated unfairly, women are also paid unfairly supposedly due to the differences in the kind and amount of human capital they acquire (Wharton 2004). Citizens today are gradually becoming more aware of this concern, yet not much has been done to change these recurring sexist problems that include objectifying women, decreasing their value as workers, and paying them unfairly. Since Adam and Eve, men have treated women as incompetent and uneducated human beings. Today women are usually expressed as sex symbols and are often casted as half-witted, ditsy characters that make unintelligent remarks to entertain an audience. Exposure to sexualized content and objectifying women can result in body shaming, appearance anxiety, and unrealistic ideals of how a female should look like (Yasmine 2015). Producers and directors would rather hire the actress with bigger breasts and the best complexion compared to the other individual who doesn’t generally care about her appearance as much, even if they had the same skills. Women are consistently asked to lose weight or dye their hair in order to be cast for certain roles but all that does to society is generate an unrealistic ideals of what females should look and act like. Men are rarely asked to change their appearance because their roles are assigned solely based on talent, which is how it should be for all sexes according to the feminist perspective. In movies involving nudity women are twice as likely as men to be shown partially or fully nude, or wearing sexually revealing clothing (Handy and Rowlands 2014). Youth and beauty are undoubtedly two important components of female portrayals in movies but what type of competence is perceived when taking appearance into account? Being taken seriously as a woman is such a necessity, especially in the workplace, otherwise there would be a totally biased work environment that only benefits the group in power. Granted there are some films out there that appoint strong female leads like Katniss Everdeen in The Hunger Games but â€Å"out of a total of 5,799 speaking or named characters on screen, 30. 9 percent were females and 69. 1 percent were males (Smith)†. The percent of leading female roles is even lower equaling 23. 3 percent and the amount of those actresses that are casted as positions of power is virtually non-existent (Smith). The same statistics correlate with female directors as well. Findings reveal that females in film have a higher risk of career failure than their male colleagues when affiliated in cohesive networks (Lutter)†. A recent study released by Center for the Study of Women in Television and Film at San Diego State University showed that only 7 percent of directors on the 250 top grossing films were women, a two percent drop over the last 17 years (Lauzen 2014). Only four women have ever been nominated for Best Directing and Kathryn Bigelow was the firs t, and to date the only female director to win the Academy Award for Best Directing (Lauzen). .u83bc81b26d6b01aa2bb851edfeb34f06 , .u83bc81b26d6b01aa2bb851edfeb34f06 .postImageUrl , .u83bc81b26d6b01aa2bb851edfeb34f06 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u83bc81b26d6b01aa2bb851edfeb34f06 , .u83bc81b26d6b01aa2bb851edfeb34f06:hover , .u83bc81b26d6b01aa2bb851edfeb34f06:visited , .u83bc81b26d6b01aa2bb851edfeb34f06:active { border:0!important; } .u83bc81b26d6b01aa2bb851edfeb34f06 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u83bc81b26d6b01aa2bb851edfeb34f06 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u83bc81b26d6b01aa2bb851edfeb34f06:active , .u83bc81b26d6b01aa2bb851edfeb34f06:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u83bc81b26d6b01aa2bb851edfeb34f06 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u83bc81b26d6b01aa2bb851edfeb34f06 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u83bc81b26d6b01aa2bb851edfeb34f06 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u83bc81b26d6b01aa2bb851edfeb34f06 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u83bc81b26d6b01aa2bb851edfeb34f06:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u83bc81b26d6b01aa2bb851edfeb34f06 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u83bc81b26d6b01aa2bb851edfeb34f06 .u83bc81b26d6b01aa2bb851edfeb34f06-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u83bc81b26d6b01aa2bb851edfeb34f06:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Star wars Return of the Jedi book paper Summary EssayAll women are categorized the same way because they lack awards and recognized achievements due to the maternal responsibility inflicted on them; as a result, men believe that women should be paid less. According to the National Committee on Pay Equity in 2010, for every dollar earned by a man, a woman made 77 cents (Leon-Guerrero 2014). During the 2015 Oscars Patricia Arquette, who won for best supporting actress, advocated equal rights for women by stating in her speech â€Å"It is our time to have wage equality once and for all, and equal rights for women in the United States of America! This moment was a huge step f or females since the issue was addressed during a nationally broadcasted program that millions of people witnessed. In the U. S. women have less continuous work experience due to childbirth and motherly responsibilities but that shouldn’t result in pay inequality (Leon-Guerrero). A higher value is already placed on men than on woman so their work goes underappreciated and pushed to the side. Some females are okay with being at home mothers and enjoy the satisfaction of supplying their family with love. However, we have entered a generation in which men and women need to be treated as equals by receiving fair evaluations based entirely on the work ethic and efficiency of each individual employee. When the Declaration of Independence was being written, women were not acknowledged as equal members of society, therefore it was not accepted that they should receive their full rights. It’s not 1776 anymore and women deserve to be treated exactly the same as men and that goes for anyone of color or sexual orientation. We are all citizens of the United States and need to come together in order to improve our country and thrive as human beings. Bibliography: Handy, Jocelyn, and Lorraine, Rowlands. Gendered Inequality Regimes And Female Labour Market Disadvantage Within The Film Industry. Womens Studies Journal 28.2 (2014): 24-38. Academic Search Premier. Web. Lutter, Mark. Do Women Suffer From Network Closure? The Moderating Effect Of Social Capital On Gender Inequality In A Project-Based Labor Market, 1929 To 2010. American Sociological Review 80.2 (2015): 329- 358. Academic Search Premier. Web. Lauzen, Dr. Martha M. â€Å"The Celluloid Ceiling: Behind-the-Scenes Employment of Women on the Top 250 Films of 2014.† Center for the Study of Women in Television Film. (2014). Web. Leon-Guerrero, Anna. â€Å"Gender†. Social Problems: Community, Policy, and Social Action. (2014). SAGE Publications. Print. Smith, Dr. Stacy L. Gender Bias Without Borders. An Investigation of Female Characters in Popular Films Across 11 Countries (2014): Web. Motion Picture Association of America. â€Å"Theatrical Market Statistics†. (2012).Web. Yasmine, Rola. Postponing Sexual Debut Among University Youth: How Do Men And Women Differ In Their Perceptions, Values And Non-Penetrative Sexual Practices?. Culture, Health Sexuality 17.5 (2015): 555-575. Academic Search Premier. Web.

Compiler Design 2 free essay sample

Outline s Refreshing Uncensored Groundbreaking †¦. The Dr. Wang’s original lecture: s s s s s Tutorial of Design Compiler s s Introduction Setting Up the Tutorial Graphical Interface The Alarm Clock Design Setting Design Environment Setting Design Constraints Overview of Optimization Phases Analysis of Report DC Tutorial 2 Introduction s s s Introduction s s s s The Synthesis Process Design Compiler Products Synthesis Programs and Tools Design Styles Input and Output Formats User Interfaces Script Files DC Tutorial 4 The Synthesis Process Start Rewrite Verilog Code Read in Design Set Attributes Set Realistic Timing Goal Check Design Errors No Yes Fix Bugs Change Constraints Modify Compile Attributes Ungroup Design Blocks The DC Products s DC Professional – No multi-frequency clocking, latch-based time borrowing, pipeline re-timing, critical path resynthesis, in-place optimization, and incremental editing s DC Expert – Include features for maximizing performance s FPGA Compiler – Targets only FPGA technology Optimize No Good? Yes Done DC Tutorial 5 DC Tutorial 6 1 Synthesis Tools HDL Design Analyzer HDL Compilers DesignWare DesignWare Developer Architectural Optimization s s Architectural Optimization Gate-Level s s Design Analyzer Logic Optimization Design Compilers Cell Library Library Compiler s s Arithmetic Optimization Timing and Area-Based Resource Sharing Sub-expression Removal Constraint-Driven Resource Selection Inference of Synthetic Part (DesignWare) For more information – HDL Compiler for Verilog Reference Manual Optimized Gate-level Netlist DC Tutorial 7 DC Tutorial 8 DesignWare s DesignWare Developer Provide a library of high-level design components – Adders, Multiplier, etc. s s The HDL compiler will select the proper components for you based on your timing and area goals See Documentation Collection (open collection) – Synopsys DesignWare 1997. 01 s Create DesignWare Libraries DC Tutorial 9 DC Tutorial 10 DC Products s Cell Library s Library of basic cells used by DC – AND, OR, XOR, etc. s Optimize your design at the gate level Using selected cell libraries s For FPGA compiler, it may contain more complex cells – Xilinx CLBs, IOBs, etc. DC Tutorial 11 DC Tutorial 12 2 Library Compiler Design Styles s Yes, you can create your own cell libraries s s Hierarchical or Flatten Combinational or Sequential DC Tutorial 13 DC Tutorial 14 Input Formats s s s s Output Formats s s s s s VHDL Verilog PLA EDIF 2. 00 Xilinx XNF s Synopsys binary format (. db files) VHDL Verilog EDIF 2. 00 Equation, LSI Logic, Mentor Graphics, PLA, state table, Tegas formats Xilinx XNF format DC Tutorial 15 DC Tutorial 16 User Interfaces s Scripts s shell dc_shell – – – – – – – – – unix-like command shell dc_shell quit dc_shell cd my_dir dc_shell alias wv write -f verilog dc_shell pwd dc_shell history n dc_shell list -command dc_shell man dc_shell sh â€Å"lpr † s s s s shell design_analyzer graphical interface DC Tutorial 17 A set of command can be put together into a file called â€Å"script† Then, you don’t need to re-type some the commands again and again when using the dc_shell Scripts for this tutorial will be provided for your reference You can run them when you are home without the X-window capability DC Tutorial 18 3 Locate Documentation s s s s s s s shell design_analyzer select Help On-Line Documentation †¦. Ignore the square window with â€Å"Titles† – select Cancel to close it – focus on the one with â€Å"File, Edit, View †¦Ã¢â‚¬  select File Open Collection select Synopsys Synthesis Tools 1997. 1 and then click OK select Documents Formatted for Printing and then click Open In the â€Å"File, Edit, View †¦Ã¢â‚¬  window, now you can select a list of on-line documents DC Tutorial 19 Setting Up the Tutorial Setting Up the Tutorial s s s s Creating The Directories s cp -r /baby/synopsys/doc/syn/tutorial . Home Directory tutorial Creating the directories Setting paths and aliases Creating a start-up file Running tutorial with scripts db/ verilog/ vhdl/ appendix_A/ Script files work (empty) DC Tutorial 21 DC Tutorial 22 Path s s .synopsys_dc. setup file % source /usr/local/bin/setup. synopsys Or you can put it in . cshrc file – % source . cshrc – % rehash s s You can take a look of the setup file – % more /usr/local/bin/setup. synopsys s Creating a . synopsys_dc. setup file can overwrite system default settings % cp ~/tutorial/. sysnopsys_dc. setup ~/. synopsys_dc. setup % vi ~/. synopsys_dc. setup – company = â€Å"Motorola Somerset†; – designer = â€Å"CEO†; – view_background = â€Å"while†; s It basically setup the right environmental variables for you DC Tutorial 23 DC Tutorial 24 4 More about setup file s Scripts s s % more . synopsys_dc. setup – search_path = { } + search_path – link_library †¦ target_library †¦ symbol_library †¦ define_design_lib †¦ s s s s s search_path = {a directory} + search_path – if you cp tutorial into a directory other than home link_library: location of subdesgins referenced by the design target_library: identify technology libraries symbol_library: identify symbols library for generating/viewing schematics define_design_lib: identify a temporary place to store intermediate files created by the analyzer DC Tutorial 25 No X-Window, No Problem Find script files in ~/tutorial/appendix_A/. See Design Analyzer Reference Manual for more detail DC Tutorial 26 Graphical Interface s s Start: % design_analyzer Quit: Select File Quit Menu Bar Graphical Interface View Buttons Level Buttons Scroll Bar Message Area (view_background = â€Å"while†;) View Window DC Tutorial 28 Mouse Buttons s Chec k Default Setup s Setup Defaults Left Button – Select design and design objects s Mid Button – Add or remove objects from a group of objects already selected s Right Button Bring up the pop-up menu DC Tutorial 29 DC Tutorial 30 5 Read in a Design s Save a Design s File – analyze elaborate – read File Save or Save As †¦ – Once a design is selected s analyze : – read in VHDL/Verilog; check for syntax and synthesizale logic; store as intermediate formats – Use to read each sub-design + top level design s elaborate : – create the design from intermediate formats; determine the correct bus size; Use for top level design + sub-design with parameters passing in s read : read design formats other than HDL (db, PLA, tc. ) DC Tutorial 31 DC Tutorial 32 A Design Has 4 Views s s s s s Design View s Design View Symbol View Schematic View Hierarchy View T View (No Use) After â€Å"read† in all 13 verilog files in the tut orial directory – you first enter the Design View DC Tutorial 33 DC Tutorial 34 Symbol View s Schematic View s Select TIME_STATE_MACHINE and double-click on it - you enter the symbol view of the design Click on the â€Å"schematic view† button on the left hand side DC Tutorial 35 DC Tutorial 36 6 Hierarchy View s Design View Icons s s s s Click the up arrow (left hand side) to go back to design view; doubleclick on TOP; Select View Change View Hierarchy – TOP contains 6 modules Netlist: read in as a netlist and optimized to gates Equation: In VHDL, Verilog, or equation format that is partially or completely behavioral PLA: Specified in PLA format State Table: Specified in state table format Y=A+B 010-0 1-101 PLA State Table Netlist Equation DC Tutorial 37 DC Tutorial 38 Command Window s dc_shell Commands Setup Command Window s For more information, – see Design Compiler Reference Manual: Fundamentals DC Tutorial 39 DC Tutorial 40 Design Attributes s Operating Environment Sub-menu s Attributes are values you set to control the optimization process – Select Attributes from the menu s The Attributes menu provide access to – – – – – – – Set input and output delays Set drive strengths set loads Characterize subdesigns Select operating conditions Choose a wire load model Create or modify a clock DC Tutorial 41 Set design properties that describes the internal conditions of a design and the design’s interaction with its surrounding – drive strength on ports – the time that signals arrive on ports – load driven by output ports DC Tutorial 42 7 Optimization Constraints s Design Optimization s Set the goal for design optimization – largest delay allowed – greatest area allowed Select Tools Design Optimization – See Design Compiler Reference Manual: Optimization and Timing Analysis for more detail s Two set-constraint windows – Design Constraints window †¢ Goals for area and power †¢ Design rules implied by technology library †¢ Test-related constraints (testability) – Timing Constraints window †¢ Timing constraints s DC Tutorial 43 DC Tutorial 44 Locating Problems s Generate Report s Before and after optimization, use Schematic View and Check Design to locate problems – Generate schematic view – Select Analysis Check Design – Jump to a design object †¢ Click on an error or warning message in the Design error window †¢ Click on the show button Analysis Report †¦ DC Tutorial 45 DC Tutorial 46 Run a Script File s Setup Execute Script – check out ~/tutorial/appendix_A/*. script – dc_shell include The Alarm Clock Design DC Tutorial 47 8